Lương y Nguyễn Thị Thuỳ Trang, cố vấn Dược Bình Đông, chuyên gia y học cổ truyền với hơn 30 năm kinh nghiệm, chuyên về sức khỏe phụ nữ và các vấn đề phụ khoa.
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Irregular and scanty menstruation refers to an unstable menstrual cycle that may be shorter or longer than the usual range (21-35 days) and is accompanied by very little menstrual blood, sometimes just a few drops or only enough to lightly stain a thin sanitary pad throughout the day. This differs from a normal period where the menstrual flow is sufficient to soak multiple sanitary pads over the days of menstruation. This condition can cause concern and impact women’s reproductive health.
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Common signs of irregular and scanty menstruation include:
A menstrual cycle shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days.
Very little menstrual blood, only a few drops or barely staining a thin pad.
Abnormal menstrual color, which may be dark brown or contain clots.
Accompanied by other symptoms such as menstrual cramps, fatigue, and discomfort.
There are several causes of this condition, which can be grouped into main categories:
Stress: Prolonged stress affects hormonal balance, leading to menstrual irregularities.
Poor diet: Nutrient deficiencies, especially iron, or excessive dieting can reduce menstrual blood flow.
Over-exercising: Intense physical activity can alter hormone levels, causing menstrual irregularities.
Stimulant use: Alcohol, tobacco, coffee, and other stimulants can affect ovarian function.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A common cause of irregular and scanty menstruation.
Hormonal imbalances: Imbalances in estrogen and progesterone can disrupt menstrual cycles.
Thyroid disorders: Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can cause menstrual irregularities.
Uterine fibroids and polyps: These growths can alter the uterine lining and affect menstruation.
Certain medications, including contraceptives, antidepressants, and thyroid medications, may have side effects that result in irregular and scanty menstruation.
Consult a gynecologist if you experience the following signs:
Very scanty menstruation lasting several consecutive cycles.
The absence of menstruation after having regular periods.
Irregular periods accompanied by severe abdominal pain.
Scanty menstruation with other abnormal symptoms such as fever, significant weight loss, or persistent fatigue.
Difficulty in conceiving after trying for a period.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. After an examination and diagnosis, a doctor will recommend an appropriate treatment plan.
Doctors may prescribe medications such as hormonal therapy or treatments for underlying conditions. The use of any medication must follow a doctor’s instructions.
Some folk remedies or traditional medicines are believed to help regulate menstruation. However, their effectiveness and safety have not been scientifically verified. Always consult a doctor before trying any traditional treatment.
Maintain a healthy diet: Ensure adequate nutrition, especially iron and essential vitamins. Limit fast food, carbonated drinks, and stimulants.
Exercise regularly: Moderate physical activity helps balance hormones and improve overall health.
Reduce stress: Practice relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or listening to music.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle: Balanced diet, regular exercise, sufficient sleep, and stress management.
Regular health check-ups: Early detection of gynecological conditions.
Avoid self-medication: Only take medication as prescribed by a doctor.
Track menstrual cycles: Keep a record to identify any abnormalities.
Does scanty menstruation affect fertility?
Scanty menstruation can indicate health issues that may impact fertility. Consult a doctor for specific advice.
Is dark-colored scanty menstruation dangerous?
Dark menstrual blood may be old blood remaining in the uterus. However, if this persists or is accompanied by other unusual symptoms, see a doctor.
When is scanty menstruation considered normal?
Menstrual flow can vary from cycle to cycle. However, if the blood flow is persistently low and lasts for an extended period, see a doctor.
What should I do if irregular and scanty menstruation persists?
Visit a gynecologist for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Nguyen Thi Thuy Trang, a traditional medicine consultant at Binh Dong Pharmaceutical, is a specialist with over 30 years of experience focusing on women’s health and gynecological issues.